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Superman (gene)
''Superman'' is a plant gene in ''Arabidopsis thaliana'', that plays a role in controlling the boundary between stamen and carpel development in a flower. It is named for the comic book character Superman, and the related genes ''kryptonite (gene)'' and clark kent were named accordingly (although the latter turns out to just be another form of ''superman''). It encodes a transcription factor (specifically a C2H2 type zinc finger protein). Homologous genes are known in the petunia and snapdragon,〔(Box 3: The control of floral determinacy in Antirrhinum and Arabidopsis ) from 〕 which are also involved in flower development, although in both cases there are important differences from the functioning in ''Arabidopsis''. ''Superman'' is expressed early on in flower development, in the stamen whorl adjacent to the carpel whorl.〔 It interacts with the other genes of the ABC model of flower development in a variety of ways.〔
== Gene function ==
''Superman'' encodes a transcription factor.〔 This protein binds to the DNA through a zinc finger binding motif〔 acts as a regulator of floral homeotic genes, controlling the development of the flowers of ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' plants. ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' flowers develop in four whorls, which are concentric groups of cells branching off of the growing meristem. ''Superman'' has been found to act in the fourth whorl of flowers, which would normally develop into Carpels. Superman normally restricts the effect of another gene called (APETALA3) in the fourth whorl, leaving APETALA3 expression only present in the second and third whorls.〔 APETALA3 is a gene normally associated with the development of a stamen in the third whorl, so by its restriction, we allow for the development of other organs in the fourth whorl (such as the Pistil).
A mutation which completely removes superman gene function would result in flowers that carry extra stamens, replacing the pistils which would normally be developing in the fourth whorl. This mutation was named the sup-1 mutation. For the sup-1 mutation, More extreme stamen development is seen from a homozygous mutation than a heterozygous mutation.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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